USB Type-C PD 3.0 Specification, Charging and Design - EDN
WEBJun 25, 2021 · The first one—Power Delivery 2.0—supports fixed output voltages including 5, 9, 12, 15, or 20V at specific operating currents, for example 3 A. The second specification—PD 3.0—includes programmable power supply (PPS), a feature that allows the USB Type-C charger’s output voltage to be adjusted in …
Audio levels, dBu, dBV, and the gang: What you need to know
WEBApr 18, 2017 · Here’s what you need to know. First off, you need to know that I expended significant effort to avoid naming this article “ dB or not dB, that is the question ”. But seriously: The vast majority of line-level analog audio interfaces fall into two categories: Advertisement. Unbalanced, using “RCA” connectors, at a so-called “-10dBV ...
Cross Sectional Area Of Wire: Formula & Calculation - EDN
WEBNov 15, 2016 · How to find the cross sectional area of a wire. First, we define that the diameter of our wire is taken in thousandths of an inch where one one-thousandth of an inch is called “one mil.”. Thus, 0.001 inch = 1 mil, 0.01 inch = 10 mils and so forth. Then we define the cross sectional area simply as the square of the wire’s diameter in mils ...
Setup and Hold Time Equations and Formulas - EDN
WEBAug 10, 2012 · Hence to fulfill the setup time requirement, the formula should be like the following. T c2q + T comb + T setup ≤ T clk + T skew (1) Let’s have a look at the timing diagram below to have a better understanding of the setup and hold time. Figure 2 Setup and hold timing diagram. Now, to avoid the hold violation at the launching flop, the data ...
Setup and Hold Time Basics - EDN
WEBApr 19, 2012 · Hold time is defined as the minimum amount of time after the clock’s active edge during which data must be stable. Violation in this case may cause incorrect data to be latched, which is known as a hold violation. Note that setup and hold time is measured with respect to the active clock edge only.
PAM4 Basics: Modulation, Signaling and Encoding - EDN
WEBJan 14, 2016 · The result is four signal levels instead of two, with each signal level corresponding to a two-bit symbol. The PAM4 signal looks like trace M+L/2 in Figure 1. At the lowest level is 00, followed by 01, 10, and 11, respectively. PAM4 indicates pulse-amplitude modulation, with the “4” indicating four levels of pulse modulation.
Automotive HVAC & Cabin Climate Control System Basics - EDN
WEBDec 21, 2012 · Introduction. Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology for indoor and automotive ambient comfort. HVAC facilitates in managing the pleasant climate inside the cabin by controlling the degree of hotness/coolness. There were times when having an air conditioner in a car was …
Burn-in 101 - EDN
WEBOct 14, 2014 · Burn-in testing is the process by which we detect early failures in components, thereby increasing component reliability. In the semiconductor world, this means taking us closer to zero DPPM. During burn-in, the component is exercised under extreme operating conditions (elevated temperatures and voltages). This stresses the component under test ...
A closer look at the first made-in-China 5G chip from Huawei
WEBSep 5, 2023 · Figure 1 The Mate 60 Pro smartphone is reportedly built around the first made-in-China 5G chip: Kirin 9000S. Source: Huawei. Advertisement. The reports suggest that Huawei’s new SoC comprises four high-performance cores, four energy-efficient cores and the Maleoon 910 GPU, and that the SoC is most likely built around the Armv8a ISA.
Parametric on-chip variation: A step towards accurate timing analysis
WEBAug 7, 2019 · To model these parameter variations, a few engineers came up with the on-chip variation (OCV) model. The concept of OCV was first introduced in technology nodes above 90nm. The fundamental idea behind OCV is to apply global derates on the whole design irrespective of the type of cells, its individual variation or its slew-load conditions.