The preservationists of Timbuktu’s centuries-old artifacts have been holding their breath for weeks, waiting for the moment when the French military would seize back Mali’s ancient northern capital ...

With the armed conflict that occurred between 2012 and 2013, Mali's cultural heritage, including its ancient manuscripts, was severely damaged. In Timbuktu, many valuable manuscripts were burned or ...

Reprint of the 1973 ed. published by Methuen, London, which was issued as no. 7 of Studies in African history; with additions. https://siris-libraries.si.edu/ipac20 ...