Understanding the flammability limits and combustion characteristics of fuel–air mixtures is pivotal for both industrial safety and the advancement of energy technologies. These limits define the ...

The study of flammability and combustion characteristics of refrigerants is critical in ensuring both safety and efficiency for industrial and environmental applications. This field encompasses an ...

For many years, the use of flammable refrigerants — such as the A3 hydrocarbon R-290 (or propane) — has been a keen area of collective focus among the regulatory bodies governing refrigerant safety ...

In December 2020, Congress passed the American Innovation and Manufacturing (AIM) Act, and in 2021, the EPA introduced a rule mandating an 85% nationwide phasedown in high-global warming potential ...