A human baby arrives in the world in a strange state, eyes open, ears working, brain growing fast, yet unable to move through the world in any meaningful way. That mix is the heart of a new argument ...

For centuries, childbirth’s pain was explained as punishment; more recently, as the evolutionary price of walking upright and bearing large-brained babies. But if difficult birth occurs across ...

Early life is a critically important period for both the development of the brain and the establishment of the gut microbiota, with key developmental time points for both overlapping and influencing ...