a, Schematic diagram of dissipative soliton formation in SMF lasers and MMF lasers. b, An illustration of a typical STML MMF laser layout. c, Pulse reactions for three mechanisms as intermode ...

Because pulse trains achieve excellent performance with a simple laser setup, passively mode-locked fiber lasers (MLFLs) based on nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE) have numerous applications.

Mode-locked fibre lasers, featuring ultrafast temporal information, ultrahigh peak energy, and exceptional stability, have become essential tools in modern optics and industries, including ...

Ultrafast lasers are known to generate very short light pulses, mostly of the order of picoseconds or femtoseconds. Ultrafast lasers are based on techniques like mode-locking to form a train of pulses ...