Background: Established noninvasive pharmacologic means of alleviating pain and anxiety in children undergoing intravenous cannulation are time-consuming, and thus impractical for routine use in the ...

An IV team at Aintree Hospital in Liverpool addressed a gap in service provision by integrating ultrasound-guided cannulation into their trust's service. This initiative won the Patient Safety ...

In this report, the authors evaluated the utility of a topical cooling spray as a way to reduce pain during intravenous cannulation in an emergency department setting. The study group compared 103 ...

McGrath PJ, McAlpine L. Psychologic perspectives on pediatric pain. J Pediatr 1993;122(5 Pt 2):S2–8.