"This thesis takes a bead's eye view of eastern Africa and Indian Ocean trade, focusing particularly on the trade and trade networks that connected southern Africa to the rest of the world. It also ...

A new study of European beads reveals the “extensive reach” of Native American trade networks in the 17th century. Image from the journal Antiquity European glass beads reached parts of North America ...

This media is in the public domain (free of copyright restrictions). You can copy, modify, and distribute this work without contacting the Smithsonian. For more information, visit the Smithsonian's ...

The research on which this article is based was financed by the European Union – Next Generation EU, Missione 4 Componente 1 CUP J53D23000530006 A dynamic new “consumer class” emerging from Africa is ...