There are plenty of examples of mutualism in nature. Be it the rhinosaurus and the oxpecker, clownfish and sea anemones, or ...

The intricate relationships between cleaner fish and cleaner shrimp underpin some of the most compelling examples of mutualism in coral reef ecosystems. These interactions involve smaller organisms ...

Journal of Animal Ecology, Vol. 88, No. 1, Special Feature with Functional Ecology: Eco-evolutionary dynamics across scales (January 2019), pp. 102-113 (12 pages) 1. Nutritional mutualisms are one of ...

Endosymbiotic relationships—in which one organism lives within another—are striking examples of mutualism, and can often significantly shape the biology of the participant species. In new findings ...

Call them nature’s own luxury high-rise condo rentals. Squamellaria plants, from the same family as coffee and quinine, are fat aerial tubers perched high in tropical trees. In Fiji, one of the ...